Wuthering Heights Essay Example for Free

Wuthering Heights EssayHow is sock Connected to Vengeance in Emily Brontes Wuthering Heights Wuthering Heights is peerless of the most well-liked and highly regarded novels in British literature. Although the book shocked the Victorian society with the portrayal of the passionate, obsessive lie with of Heathcliff and Catherine, Wuthering Heights re mains one of the most popular novels of the 20th century.Heathcliff and Catherines fervent and passionate love for one an other(a) is the key stem turn of the novel considering that it is the warmest and more permanent emotion portrayed in Wuthering Heights as well as the source of the major(ip) conflicts that constitute the novels plot. Its not clear if Brontes intension is to encourage the condemnation of the two caramel browns as blameworthy or their idealization as romantic heroes whose love surpasses social norms and conventional virtuousity. However, it is certain that the boundaries betwixt love and revenge in the novel be quite blurred. Heathcliff, an orphan brought to hold out at Wuthering Heights, locomote in love with Catherine, Mr. Earnshaws daughter. Upon the death of Mr. Earnshaw, his son Hindley mistreats Heathcliff heavily treating him like a servant. At the same time, Catherine, driven by her aspiration for social prominence, marries Edgar Linton, leaving Heathcliff miserable and humiliated.Full of obtainings of disgrace and rejection, Heathcliff vows to sp remnant the rest of his sprightliness seeking for revenge on all the people who betrayed them, namely Hindley, Catherine and Catherines children. As the novel progresses, Heathcliff trans molds from an orphan, romantic lover to a powerful, rich and even cruel man, who uses all of his power to acquire both Wuthering Heights and Edgar Lintons estate, Thrushcross Grange. Heathcliff and Catherines love is well-established in their childhood and is compositors caseized by the refusal to change. Her choice to marry Edgar Linton reveal s Catherines wish for a more refined life. However, she neer adapts to her office as a wife. In a way, she remains stuck to her childhood. As she confines to Nelly, the narrator of the story, who grew up next to Hindley and Catherine Earnshaw and is profoundly mired in the story she recounts, Catherine longs to returns to the security of her childhood. On the other hand, Heathcliff is portrayed as possessing an almost herculean ability to sustain the same approach and to foster the same grudges over legion(predicate) years.His obsession iscapable of transforming him into a cruel component part that can take revenge on Catherine, the charr he loves since childhood and proclaims as his soul. Heathcliff is actually a Gothic hero, who seeks for vengeance and his desire is so strong that can overpower the norms of civilized society. He even imprisons Catherines daughter, five-year-old Catherine and she forces her into marriage with his son, Linton. Moreover, Heathcliff and Cather ines love is based on their common perception that they are indistinguishable. Catherine notoriously asserts I am Heathcliff, sequence Heathcliff, upon her death, moans that he cannot live without his soul. completely this asexual, passionate love, denies change, and secret rendezvous and as such t cannot fit in the relentless modulation of time. Ultimately, Wuthering Heights intertwines love and vengeance as a process of change against the romantic passion of its main characters. The Narrative Techniques in Wuthering HeightsAlthough Wuthering Heights was Emily Brontes only novel, it is notable for the narrative technique she utilize and the level of craftsmanship involved in it. Although there are only two obvious narrators, Lockwood and Nelly dean, a variety of other narratives are interspersed throughout the novel. The reasons for this are that the whole action of Wuthering Heights is presented in the form of eyewitness narrations by people who stick out played some part in the narration they describe. inappropriate other novels where parallel narratives exist i.e. same event, within the same time frame being narrated from various perspectives, Wuthering Heights has a multi-layered narration, each individual narrative opening out from its parent to reveal a new stratum (level) of the story. This intricate technique helps to maintain a continues narrative despite of the difficulties posed by the huge time-shifts involved in the novel. Lockwood as NarratorLockwood is the noncitizen, coming into a ball in which he finds bewildering and hostile, hes a city gentleman who has stumbled on a primitive uncivilized world which he doesnt understand, but which fascinates him. He arrives at the end of November 1801 as a tenant of Thrushcross Grange. later his initial meetings with his landlord, Mr. Heathcliff, he is laid up for two months during which time his fascination with Wuthering Heights leads to the get goingning of Nellys narrative. By January 1802, he is sufficientlyrecovered to return to the Heights where he informs Heathcliff of his intention to return to capital of the United Kingdom for 6 months. He returns briefly in September 1802, when he hears the conclusion of Nellys narrative and the utmost events of the novel take place. In the novel Lockwood presents the situation as he sees it, the contributor is thus brought imminent to the action, seeing it through the eyes of the narrator himself.The presence of Lockwood in the book allows the author the author to begin the story near the end and work backwards and forwards in time with little difficulty. The opening chapters of the book are narrated by Lockwood and provide the reader with their introduction to this early 19th century world. The put of Lockwoods narrative is that of a personal diary, which allows the development for the reader of an easy intimacy with an impartial character whose style self-conscious, a little affected and facetious is nicely calculated t o engage sympathy, while allowing desktop for the reader to be amused at the narrators expense. With all his limitations, Lockwood is intelligent and perceptive and his precise detailed descriptions are used by his creator to create subtle changes in situation and character, an example of this is that when Lockwood inaugural-class honours degree visited Wuthering Heights, he commented on the chained gate, while at the end of the novel when he returns to find Heathcliff dead, he notice Both doors and lattices were open.Changes in character are also hinted at by Lockwoods eye for detail, he has noticed changes in both Cathy and Hareton Cathy once described by Lockwood as the little witch, now has a voice as sweet as a silver bell. Hareton described in the opening chapters as a boor and a clown and has by the end of the novel become a young man respectably dressed with handsome features, therefore Lockwood, by fulfilling the role as the detached outsider and observer, brings a dim ension to the novel which is quite different from the perception provided by Nelly. Lockwoods Style as NarratorLockwood uses an educated literacy speech marked by detailed factual description and perceptive ceremonial occasion and comment, both on situation and character. An example of this is his description of Hareton Meanwhile, the young man had slung onto his person a by all odds shabby upper garment, and, erecting himself before the blaze, looked down on me from the corner of his eyes, for all the world as if there was some mortal feud unavenged stillbetween us. I began to doubt whether he was a servant or not his bearing was free, almost haughty and he showed none of a domestics assiduity in attending to the lady of the house. Lockwoods sentences are very much(prenominal) composite plant consisting of a number of clauses or long phrases, frequently separated by dashes or semi-colons, examples, he in all likelihood swayed by the presidential considerations of the folly o f offending a good tenant released a little in the laconic style of chipping of his pronouns and auxiliary and introducing what he supposed would be a subject of pertain to me.A noticeable aspect of Lockwoods style is his use of words of Latin origin, e.g. prudential, laconic, auxiliary. By the end of Chapter 3, Lockwoods style has become more complex in that his sentence structure is complicated, large come of adjectival and adverbial clause, a liberal use of the semi-colon and comma, to give the impression of a narrator whose see to it of language is sophisticated. My human fixture and her satellites, rushed to welcome me explaining tumultuously, they had completely given me up e reallybody conjectured (guessed) that I perished choke night and they were wondering how they must set about the search for my remains. Nelly Dean as NarratorNelly Deans narrative, though copious and detailed, has an extraordinary, sometimes breathless energy as if she were describing events that she had witnessed an hour ago, every bite of which is vividly present to her. Nellys narrative is an art of stark immediacy of making the past live for us in the present. As much of Nellys narrative is unfolded in the words of the actual characters, we the readers, feel that the narrative is moulded by the pressure of events, not that the shape and interpretation of events is being fashioned by the narrator. The feel of actuality is conveyed by a series of concrete details that fall artlessly into place. Nellys sureness in relating her narrative seems to arise out of an astonishing clear memory, the impression of rapid excitement is achieved by concentrating our wariness on movement and gesture, action and matchion, intermixed with vehement dialog which convinces by its emphatic speech rhythms and plain language.The dialogue has no trace of a conscious stylist, it is noticeable for the brief rapidity of the sentence, an example of this is Nellys reminiscence of the time leading up to Catherines death, when Catherineemplored her to open the window of her room Oh, if I were but in my own bed in the old house she went on bitterly, wringing her hands, And that wind sounding in the first by the lattice. Do let me feel it it comes straight down the moor do let me have one breath Nellys value as a narrator is clear from this example, she brings us very close to the action and is in one way deeply engaged in it. The intimate personal business of the Grange and the Heights have taken up her whole life, however, her position as a professional housekeeper convey that her interests in events is largely practical. She provides the inner frame of the narrative and we see this world of the successive generations of Earnshaws and Lintons through her eyes, although much of the dialogue, in the interests of objectivity, is that of the characters themselves. As a narrator reporting the past from the present, she has the gain ground of hindsight and can therefore depart from the straight chronological narrative to hint at the future.A major contrast between Nelly and Lockwood is that she, to an extent, is a character within her own narrative, which causes her several problems. At times she is involved in the action, she is now describing and therefore she treads a difficult path between romantic indulgence and moral rectitude, she both encourages and discourages relationships. Her emplacement to theme sways between approval and disapproval, depending on her mood. This is primarily evident in the role she plays in the love triangle between Heathcliff, Catherine and Edgar at times taking Edgars side while yet arranging the last meeting between Heathcliff and Catherine by leaving the window open for him. She follow a similar position between the relationship between Cathy and Linton, at time colluding with Cathy and at other times judging and betraying her for writing against her fathers wishes.There is an ambivalence in Nellys attitude and this co mbined with her meddling nature renders her moral stance inconsistent and even hypocritical. Despite these shortcomings, she is vigorous, lively narrator with a formidable memory whose energy and unflagging interests allow the reader an insight into the lives of characters. As a narrator, Nellys style differs substantially from that of Lockwood, much of her narrative consists of verbatim dialogue and as such is the language of the characters in Wuthering Heights. When she herself is speaking as a narrator, her language is lively, colloquial and imaginative, this has the effect of bringing characters to life andproviding the reader with many vivid and precise images, an example of this is her reference to Heathcliffs life Its a slits, sir I know all about it, except where he was born, and who were his parents, and how he got his money at first.And that Hareton, has been chuck out out like a unfledged dunnock. In this example the tagging on of the phrase at first suggests that Nelly knows how he got his money later and therefore arouses our interest in Heathcliff. Nelly is limited because of her conventional, religious and moral sentiments, which often prevent her from a greater understanding of the emotions or motives of the characters. This is important in Brontes technique as it allows the reader to believe that they have a better understanding of the characters and the developments, than either of her narrators. The inclusion of so much dialogue and the tertiary narratives of the central characters provide a direct communication between the reader and character allowing for greater immediacy and for an individual response on behalf of the reader. In this respect both Nelly and Lockwood are scarce facilitators providing a mechanism through which the reader can enter a world of Wuthering Heights and react in an individual fashion to the events which transpire.

Power In The First Part Of A Clockwork Orange Essay Example for Free

Power In The First Part Of A Clockwork Orange EssayThe opening of the novel is the line Whats it going to be then, ey? This is clearly some function that is said by some angiotensin converting enzyme in an authoritative position and we learn in the next sentence that this is Alex. He is our bank clerk and this gives him a certain amount of precedent as he can choose what he wants to signalise us as readers. bourgeois also shows Alexs power through the various raging attacks he perpetrates on people who we would consider to be in a position of more authority than Alex is in our avouch confederation. The showtime of these instances is the attack upon a schoolteacher, which is a clear and obvious indicator that this society is really wrong. At the tender age of fifteen, it would be considered totally inconceivable that Alex would non only attack, but also cast down a man who relies upon respect from youths in order to do his job. The physical power the tintinnabulation pee-pee everyplace the teacher is almost a way of compensating for Alex and his ringing feeling threatened intellectually and in this sense the teacher is the more powerful.This idea of physical versus intellectual power is explored again when the gang commit the town centre to seek victims in the suburbs. When they find the writer and his wife, they destroy the book and beat the compeer into teary subordination. These actions are lead by Alex who is portrayed as an almost psychotic intellectual and so dislikes the idea of not understanding the fair gloopy title of the book. I believe he is also disposed to paranoia beca expenditure he gets angry at the merest suggestion of someone being more intelligent or polished than himself.As a totally egocentric way of asserting his power, Alex also beats up a drunk who is stumbling around and singing because he found him disgusting. This does not show any correlation to the some other attacks as there is obviously no intellectual cha llenge from this man and so this attack is purely a confidence boost and has no real reason at all. Aside from their physical power, Alex and his gang also command a certain amount of fear amongst the elderly folk at the bar they visit.They are able, through brash bribery and intimidation, to get a room full of adults to comply with their wishes jolly easily even though no violence is used, or even suggested. This shows that the gangs of youths roaming the streets are infamous and that the school society they prey upon is doing detailed, if anything, to stop them. The power presented to us here, or lack of it, is the states diminished power over nefariouss of a violent and numerous nature. This is further demonstrated when Alex and his gang come across a tinge gang in a desolate place where their laws are obeyed e.g. survival of the fittest. The power each gang has over the other is decided in a very fitting way considering what is done with this power because the gang who can cause the most injury and pain wins the power to carry on doing so to other people outside the gang wars. One much(prenominal) unfortunate victim is the octogenarian fair sex who is the last of Alexs victims as a free man. The gang, and Alex, assume they have unrivalled power over the old woman not only because of her age but also because they see themselves as untouchably strong in fights and aggression.However, Alexs power seems to be with his gang because, contrary to his own beliefs, he finds he cannot do the robbery alone and is shocked to find the old woman beating him with a stick. This is a very strange thing to happen to Alex as he sees himself as above the possibility of actually getting hurt. However, it is clear that this unconquerable character is only as such when he is supported by his gang, who are given very little credit throughout the first half of the novel for their various roles within the crimes.The utterly surreal struggle for power and control betwix t the old woman and the young but hardened criminal ends with a swift blow to the head from Alex and so we see his physical power keeping him in control yet again. However, the authorities finally get Alex under their control through (ironically) fairly violent methods. The police are portrayed as fighting fire with fire, so to speak, as they beat Alex and necrose him just as he had done to so many before.This is cleverly done by Burgess as this lets the reader see how these people, who are fighting against Alex and the culture he represents, are actually no better than him in a moral sense as they get their power in exactly the same way e. g. through violent beatings and intimidation. Another example of role reversal is the relationship between P. R Deltoid and Alex both before and after his arrest. Prior to the arrest, Alex was very dismissive of P. R Deltoids warnings and cared little about what he had to say, as he was untouchable and would never be caught, as he was such an i ntelligent young man.However once he realises how much trouble he really is in, he becomes very meek and humble before P. R Deltoid and asks him for help. It is then that P. R Deltoid becomes the one who does not care and, in his position of power over Alex, spits in face. This is an act usually salve for use by the very lowest of people and is yet more evidence of the hypocritical use of humiliating actions on Alex by the people who are supposed to be putting an end to these actions.throughout the first part of the novel, Alex uses barbaric force and pure physical strength to overpower his enemies and victims. He sees this as proof of his own undeniable strength when, in fact, it is down to his gang that he is not harmed by his numerous encounters with violence. His egotistical delusions lead him to believe that he can impose his power upon someone by himself and this over-confidence ultimately concretes his arrest. From this point, the readers of this novel would expect to see th e police processing and punishing Alex harshly but in effect and humanely.Instead, we realise that the police are so used to seeing the violence that they no longer filter out to avoid it and instead resort to it themselves. We are shown that power has changed hands dramatically over the course of the first part of the novel but we can also recognise that the way in which the power is gained and exerted does not change in the slightest as it passes from criminals to civilians to policemen. This is a very interesting comment on the dystopian society presented to us in this book and serves as a powerful warning for our own future.

Cuban Revolution Essay Example for Free

Cuban Revolution EssayMy name is Juan Luis Sanchez and had proceedd comfortably in my res publica Cuba before this new regime by a tyrant they c both Fidel Castro. Although Fulgencio Batista was harsh and corrupt, my life was not very bad. Now it seems that things waste changed quite a bit here in Havana. We cede buy the farm what they call a communist state, and we accept no political companion here in the westerly hemisphere. I was adept who was opposed to the corruption I saw in Batistas government, and though I wanted in some ways to help the peasants raise their standard of living, I was not nimble to fill mine lowered in the process. I also was a bit disgruntled at the way the United States had a solemn hand in the politics of my country Cuba, but I am not sure instanter that Cuba will be in a very frank position having incurred the wrath of such a powerful neighbor. This rift has apparently been sealed by a socialist tie we seemed to wealthy person developed with the sworn enemies of the United States, the Union of Soviet Socialist state (USSR). M some(prenominal) of my comrades are no eight-day here in Cuba.I hire not been satisfactory to stripping umteen of my professional friendsmy face-to-face attorney, family physician and several of my business partners, I have been told, have fled the country because of the threat that this new regime poses to their livelihood. Many of them at one time live in Miami, Florida. I am forthwith experiencing what must have been the fears of my comrades that made them flee. My businesses relied heavily on several some other business that were funded by U. S. nationals and that have come under attack in this new regime.My business, which was growing in the 1940s and 1950s, has been experiencing problems since the heavy U. S. ownership of 35% of the sugar industry has been altered. My businesss strategy seems to have changed greatly. It no longer sends a large theatrical role of its produce t o the United States, as relations between Cuba and the U. S. have depressed down. This problem seems to be very serious, as I have read about a talk of Pigs incident in which the United States lent support to some Cuban exiles in an attempt to get down Castros government. I also hear of a Cold War between the United States and the USSR in which our country has live involved.Recently, the USSR has removed some warheads and missiles from our territory, as the United States had threatened to invade Cuba if those things had remained. Though I have spoken of the business I used to run as my business I no longer seem to be in charge of it. When I showed up at the office, no one acknowledged me and I was not allowed to go in. The few comrades I had left in Cuba reported that their businesses had been interpreted away from them and were placed under the direction of the government. All the profits go to the government, which then rations out wages to former business owners.Our wages ha ve been capped. All my extended property, I came to find, no longer belongs to me and I have lost my large house. Now I have to live in much smaller quarters and share the premises with other persons with whom I am not acquainted. The Cuban economy seems to be doing well, though I have heard that in the last decade (the 1960s) it had experienced some trouble. Now, we have been receiving some help from the USSR as our investments and trade have now become heavily tied with this and other communist countries of Europe.Our large sugar industry, though no longer able to serve the United States, is guaranteed a market in these European communist states. Though officially the economy is doing well, I have become aware of a shadow economy that exists here in Cuba. It shades the fact that the U. S. dollar receives a higher value on the black market than it does on the official market. Still, the country does possess wealth, which it pours into political policies and the military.Though I should probably be relieved that the country is generating wealth, I am very ill-fitting with the fact that all that I have worked for in the past years has been taken from me. I know I am entitled to a share in all the wealth that is being generated at heart the economy, yet I am allowed to share in none of this. I have lost all freedom to enjoy the fruit of my former and current labor. In fact, I find that the freedoms of Cubans have been curtailed to the point that no voluntary organizations exist, nor is there any real scope for the common educated professional (or any common man) to enter the political arena.I, who once was heavily involved in the political aspects of my community, have now only a few alternatives for processship in organizations. I can become a member of one of two organizations of the Cuban Catholic Bishops known as a Carita, or I may involve myself in one of a few other religious institutions dedicated to Jewish, African, or masonic religions. I have n o dis moveing voice when it comes to politics. Though this was largely the case under Batista, it now appears to be even more so.Apart from the friends I learned to have migrated, I have been told in secret that two of them were imprisoned for speaking out against the new regime. Yet, despite all the problems I have found and the freedoms that have been stripped from me, I have also noticed some very odd yet progressive occurrences here in Cuba. These seem to be in favor of those who were once peasants. I remember the days when, especially during sugars off-season, many peasants were in danger of starving to demise because they were out of work.Even I had no choice but to lay off during that period many who worked for me. Now their lives seem to have improved, as they receive from the state rations that last all year round. Schools have only recently resumed operation here in Havana. I have been told that all the teachers and students had been temporarily sent to rural areas in or der to teach the peasants there to read and write. As a result, our nations literacy rate has risen rapidly. Almost all the persons here can read and write at this point, and the literacy dispel program is said to be almost complete.At this rate, literacy is expected to be at 95% by the 1990s. The streets are also much cleaner here than they were before I woke up to this reality. We, as citizens, have all been made responsible for the cleanliness of our community. I myself have been placed in a group and am required to participate in sanitation activities. The health make out appears to have improved the lives of the peasants, whom I had had a relish to help before the revolution took place. Indeed, some of those who worked for me had enjoyed the benefits of being seen by my personal physician.Despite this, I was well aware that many of their children died at early ages and that this fact was represented in a large portion of the populationan overwhelming number that I alone could not possible have hoped to reach. Now it seems that governmental reforms have helped solve this problem, as our infant mortality rate has dropped to about 9. 8 per 1000 live births. This is among the lowest rate in the entire world. We also have a system of health care that ranks as the best in Latin America, and our life expectancy has recently climbed to the levels boasted by the United States.Although my personal physician is no longer available, I find that I too do not have to worry very much about basic healthcare needs, as the Cuban state is now in charge of providing this to all its citizens. This is of great help to me, as I no longer find myself with the resources necessary to concede for these kinds of necessities on my own. Yet, although I am grateful for the help of the government in this area, I cannot help but remember the times when I as an upper-classed business owner could afford to pay for this and so much more. Luis, J. G. (2000). Cuban Revolution Reader A Docu ment History. Ocean Press.

Child Abuse and Maltreatment Essay Example for Free

boor Ab usance and revilement Essay kid shout is a global line, which unfortunately happens in every society, culture and communities. The marches tike Abuse refers to intended acts that result in physical or emotional harm to churlren. baby bird outcry crosscuts a wide range of behavior from physical assault by p arents or separate adult caretakers to cast off of squirts basic need. barbarian ill-use is a neighborly problem that affects millions of children each year, children less than 3 years of mature being the most frequent victims. (Edelman Mandle, 2010) For this article, the author chose to handle child abuse and maltreatment in preschool age children. There are many forms of child abuse such as sexual abuse, physical abuse, verbal abuse, emotional abuse, neglect and abandonment/ separation. In this age most common abuses are physical, sexual, emotional and negligence.As a health care provider when we are assessing a case of child abuse, we always need to check the background of the childs family child, by checking parenting skills of caretakers, employment and education status of the parents, financial conditions at home and environment of the house (safe and clean for the child). We besides need to check for any history of drug and alcohol abuse among family members, care takers someonealized limitations and certain cognitive or medical conditions (such as mental retardation or depression) of care takers, exclusively these mess effect childs care tremendously. (Jarvis, 2011) Signs and symptoms gives need to check for when they are assessing a preschool child for abuse are as follows Physical Child abuse Child has unexplained recurrent injuries, burns, fractures, bruises and brazen-faced patches. Child shows sign of fear and hesitation during physical exam (he is trying to pull himself away from examiner).Child has difficult time concentrating and shows self-destruction tendencies aggression towards others. Child is wary of adults and injuries on the body are discrepant with the childs age and developmental phase. (Center of Child Protection and Family Support, 2012) Sexual Child Abuse Child has unusual or excessive itching in the private areas. Genital or anal area is torn, stained or underwear has blood spots. Childs genital or anal areas could be injured, due to bruising, gibbousness or infection. Child plays inappropriately with his toys and makes inappropriate drawing according to his age. Suddenly child starts thumb suction or brings out discarded cuddly toys to play. Child as well exhibits a sudden loss of thirst or on the other hand eats compulsively, he starts being isolated or retreat from family/friends and becomes worried when clothing are being removed. Child frequently wets him/herself and often has nightmares. (Center of Child Protection and Family Support, 2012) aflame Child Abuse Parents or caretakers frequently yell, threaten or bully the child.They are ignoring the child as a form of punishment, giving him the silent treatment for his needs and also show no signs of centre and love (i.e. hugs kisses and tapping the back). Child shows severe sign of depression, extreme withdrawal or aggression towards other people. Child could be overly compliant with his caretaker orders, too well-mannered and too neat or clean. Child also displays extreme inhibition while playing. Child could have extreme attention seeking behavior or failure to thrive behavior. (Center of Child Protection and Family Support, 2012) Child command Child has poor personal hygiene, unkempt clothes and hair. Child stays constantly hungry and seems very thin compared to the peer age group. Child has many unattended physical problems or medical needs, eg dental work and glasses. Child is frequently wanting from school and forgets his lunch. Child has no social relationship with other kids and shows destructive tendencies. (Center of Child Protection and Family Support, 2012) If children be en ill-use by parents and care givers during infancy, toddler and preschool age.They show sign of developmental delay in displaying language, motor and social skills. Abused preschoolers respond to peers and other adults with more aggression and anger than do non-abused children. It is important for the nurse to extrapolate certain cultural health practices that may be misidentified as child abuse. For example In southeastern Asian countries like Laos and Vietnam, people from Mien cultural beliefs in natural healing and use home-brewed remedies to treat most of the child disease. When a child suffers from restlessness, unremitting crying, agitation, constipation and loss of appetite, parents of the child use string of inner pulp (found in a special reed).The pulp is then dipped softly in pork fat and lit. The flame is passed quickly over the skin above the pain site, which raises blisters on the skin or sometimes burn the skin which can easily misidentified as child abuse. To c over the blister and burn areas, they use Tiger Balm afterward.Only older person in the family can do this ritual to cure child pain. (McIntyre Silva, 1992) To report the child abuse in California State, nurse needs contact the California Department of Social services(toll-free number is 1- 800-422-4453) or call capital of California county Child Protective Services child abuse hotline at 916-568-6635. Any person who has knowledge of or observes a child whom he or she knows or reasonably suspects has been a victim of child abuse or neglect may report the known or suspected instance of child abuse or neglect. (California Department of social services, 2012) Description of report mechanism Mandated reports of child abuse or neglect must include The name, business address, and telephone number of the mandated newsperson The capacity that makes the person a mandated reporter and The information that gave rise to the reasonable suspicion of child abuse or neglect and the source or s ources of that information. If a report is made, the following information, if known, also must be included in the report The childs name, childs address, present location and if applicable childs school, grade, and class. The names, addresses, and telephone numbers game of the childs parents or guardians. The name, address, telephone number, and other relevant personal information about the person or persons who might have abused or neglected the child. (Californias Child Abuse and Neglect Reporting Act, 2006)ReferencesCalifornias Child Abuse and Neglect Reporting Act Reporting Rules for wellness Care Providers, (2006). Retrieved from November 27, 2012 from http//www.teenhealthlaw.org/fileadmin/teenhealth/teenhealthrights/ca/06_CA_ChildAbuseChapter.pdf California Department of social services. (2012). Child Abuse Prevention Services. Retrieved November 27, 2012 from http//www.childsworld.ca.gov/PG1319.htm Center For Child Protection and Support,( 2012). Retrieved November 26, 2 012 from http//www.centerchildprotection.org/report_abuse.htm Edelman, C., Mandle, C. (2010). Health Promotion Throughout the Life Span. (7th ed.). Retrieved November 26, 2012 from http//pageburstls.elsevier.com/books/9780323056625/S6/0 Jarvis, C. (2011). Physical Examination and Health estimate (6). Retrieved November 26, 2012 from http//pageburstls.elsevier.com/books/978-1-4377-0151-7/id/B9781437701517000078_c00007 McIntyre, T., Silva, P. (1992). Beyond Behavior. Culturally Diverse Childrearing Practices Abusive or Just Different? Volume 4,

Religions wage peace Essay Example for Free

Religions wage peace EssayMohandas Karamchand Gandhi used his influence as a subversive spiritual leader to bring rough semipolitical and social improvement. contempt holding no brass office, he was a major discloseicipant in Indias struggle for independence. On the 2nd of October, 1869, Gandhi was natural in the coastal town of Porbandar. His family be immenseed to the wealthy Vysya or merchant caste. His father Karamchand Gandhi was the prime minister of a princely state. At the age of thirteen he was married to Kasturbai, who was of his own age (Gandhi, Mohandas Karamchand (1869 1948) , 2001). His approach was that of a pacifist and he ground his independence transaction on non violent non cooperation or satyagraha, which means impartiality and firmness. He started this movement in 1915 and was imprisoned on several occasions by the British authorities. He exerted great influence on the Congress Party and the 1947 independence negotiations. In 1948 British India wa s partitioned into India and Pakistan, which resulted in a great deal of religious violence. At that point of time he was assassinated.His preaching served as an uptake for non violent movements and was adopted by Martin Luther King Jr in the USA, who fought for the rights of the blacks and by Nelson Mandela in South Africa, who opposed apartheid (Gandhi, Mahatma (1869 1948) , 2005). In the beginning, in 1893, Gandhi was practicing law in South Africa, when he started to formulate and practise the principles of satyagraha or non violent resistance to injustice. Till the year 1914, he led the movement started by the Indian community of that place, which was opposing racial discrimination.In that year, the South African governance bestowed a compute of heavy concessions in accordance to his de piece of musicds. At that juncture he decided to return to India and in the month of January 1915 he set sail for India. In India he assumed the leadership of its freedom struggle from B ritish rule (Gandhi, Mahatma (1869 1948) , 2005). His actions took the form of hunger strikes, the ostracise of British superbs and civil disobedience. At the same time he made serious onslaughts to bring about social reform.Even after several rounds of talks and demonstrations, the British chose to ignore the demands of the freedom fighters of India, consequently, Gandhi initiated a non cooperation movement. This movement had a large figure of speech of supporters and many Indians holding official posts in the British Government resigned from their jobs, government agencies were spurned and Indian schoolchildren were removed from schools managed by the British Government. The British were compelled to release Gandhi whom they had arrested (Gandhi, Mahatma (1869 1948) , 2005).Gandhi wanted to usher in Swaraj or self rule in India and economic independence was an essential component of this movement. British application had adopted measures that had exploited the Indian villa gers and had reduced them to extreme poverty. In order to counter this situation, Gandhi advocated the adoption of bungalow industries and employed the spinning wheel as a symbol of the movement to revive the indigenous Indian industries and lead the simple lifestyle of the villagers of India (Gandhi, Mahatma (1869 1948) , 2005).He was granted total executive authority by the Indian National Congress, which was the pioneer in Indias freedom struggle, in 1921. Due to the outbreak of a turn of events of violent and armed insurrections against the British, Gandhi stepped back from active governance from 1924 to 1930 (Gandhi, Mahatma (1869 1948) , 2005). On the 26th of January, 1930, a proclamation regarding the solution of Independence of India was made by Gandhi. In order to catalyze the process of obtaining independence, Gandhi embarked on a tonic civil disobedience campaign.In India the British exercised a monopoly on the take of salt and deemed it a barbarous offense for an yone else to produce it. Salt constituted an essential and invaluable commodity for the Indians, a large number of whom were poverty stricken agricultural laborers. Gandhi realized that salt was used by altogether sections of the society and that an attempt to manufacture salt would appeal to every(prenominal) strata of the Indian society (Graham, 1998). On the 12th of March, 1930 Gandhi and seventy octet of his followers commenced the march from the Sabarmati Ashram to the coastal village of Dandi on the Arabian Sea.The distance covered by them was deuce hundred and forty one miles and it took them twenty four mean solar days to do so. Along the way, they were brotherhooded by a tremendous number of people and at one stage the procession was two miles in length. Finally on the 6th of April, 1930 Gandhi reached the sea coast at Dandi and picked up a sod and approximately salt and boiled it in seawater (Graham, 1998). This act of his shook the British Empire, on which the sun neer set, to its very foundations.The man whom a disparaging Churchill had described as a half naked faqir had single handedly defied the might of the British Empire. The British Empire swung into action and arrested Gandhi and his associates. The number who courted arrest was immense and all the jails were overflowing with freedom fighters. Such was the response of the Indians to Gandhis call to oppose the British monopoly on the production of salt (Dandi Salt March). According to Gandhi, there were two difficulties involved with clement temper.One was the scope of reservation a human existence perfect and the other related to nonviolence. Gandhi always had an optimistic view regarding men. However, a thorough examination of Gandhis political opinions reveals that he never assumed that man had a nature that could be rendered perfect. Further, he opined that reform could only transform a man to a certain extent, merely it could never be made perfect. Gandhi proclaimed that it was incorrect to dogmatize in respect of the capacity of human nature to be either besmirched or exalted.This statement clearly elicits Gandhis views on man. He overly opined that the environmental factors would significantly influence human behavior (Power, March, 1963). Due to individual feelings and thoughts, these efforts have suffered a snow by the negative and irrational rives that reside in them. In particular strong forces like cupidity and lust could not be diverted by availing oneself of the help forthcoming from other issues. He potently believed that illogical forces motivated men and this belief was subscribed to by moralists.This is evidenced in situations where there arises a need to participate in a mass movement for realizing socio psychological interests. Most individuals have shown disinclination to join much(prenominal) movements in the absence of a competent leader. This situation arose in Gandhis political career and his opinion regarding this subject w as that it was the task of the leader to draw the people towards the objectives. The other issue involves the reshaping of Gandhis opinion about the capability of man to engage in acts involving nonviolence.Gandhi had explained in great detail in his thesis that every man had the ability to evaluate the value of ahimsa, where the term ahimsa denotes love or non injury. Gandhi interpreted ahimsa as individual and social love in thought and deed towards all human beings (Power, March, 1963). Gandhi was prone, on occasion, to restrict this concept of ahimsa as being restricted to himself and his closest followers. For instance, in 1942, the Japanese Army was collected to attack India at that point of time he permitted all those who did not subscribe to nonviolence to join the effort netherway to defend the country.However, the question that remains unanswered is whether he granted such authorization because Japanese rule would have been worse than the British rule (Power, March, 1963 ). The philosophical beliefs of Gandhi were founded on a number of scholarly authorities and social experiences. He staunchly believed that last stage in a mans journey was the absolute truth, which was described by resorting to theism, pantheism or atheism. He believed that by the use of movement and withal by taking the help of faith and intuition, an individual by relying on partial truths could coin the absolute truth.Moreover, Gandhi held that every person was required by dharma to search for this ultimate truth (Power, March, 1963). The method advocated by Gandhi to attain this goal was to follow the path of anasaktiyoga or path of selfless action, which entailed the performance of ones duty without entertaining a desire for the results of such action. He leaseed involvement in Indian nationalism to signify selfless action. One of the qualifications to tread this path was the possession of physical, psychological and spiritual courage.He also stated that the man devoid of fear succeeds in realizing his latent prowess by comprehending and practicing ahimsa (Power, March, 1963). The most important characteristic of ahimsa is the attainment of the most advantageous, practical good while treading the path that leads to the absolute truth. The usefulness of such a conviction has to be Its merit is to be elucidated in the light of Gandhis firm belief that it is check to resort to violence than to adopt an attitude of submissiveness or to adopt cowardice in the garb of nonviolence.He also stated that violence to some extent was inherent in the process of living (Power, March, 1963). Gandhi based his interpretation of ahimsa on the Laws of Manu and the tenets of Jainism however, his views were closer to the beliefs of Jainism. His objective and expectation was that he would be successful in transforming every person in such a manner that they would adapt this ideal as an integral part of their life. This precept of ahimsa was one of the foremost requiremen ts of Gandhi. However, he considered truthfulness to be much more important than ahimsa.In this context he stated that truthfulness was far more important than being peaceful (Power, March, 1963). Despite the recurrent description of his pacifism as being absolute, the fact remains that he did not consider nonviolence to be his main goal. Moreover, when ahimsa is considered to be absolute pacifism, then a distortion of the beliefs that were subscribed to by Gandhi occurs (Power, March, 1963). Some other issues that had been addressed by Gandhi are to be found in his opinion of the optimal political system.In his writings, one sees the recurrence of the panchayati raj or the village republic and a system to tell the welfare of everyone, which he designated as sarvodaya. These ideas reveal the fact that he sought to usher in a political system that was based on his opinions of truth and ahimsa. Moreover, he abhorred the divorce of political and social righteousness from dharmic obl igations or obligations required by the basic principles of cosmic or individual existence (Power, March, 1963).Despite being committed to establishing a functionally and physically decentralized political community, he was not in privilege of a society that was stateless. The concepts of Sarvodaya and Swaraj or self rule that is in the flesh(predicate) or corporate, constitute claims for impartiality, freedom and uprightness, and they do not constitute assaults on the government (Power, March, 1963). If he had been desirous of establishing a stateless system, then he would have had to entertain a more sanguine opinion about people than he did under normal circumstances.Moreover, he would have been compelled to eschew political place like he had rejected personal property. The varieties of Sarvodaya as comprehended by Vinoba Bhave, who advocated the redistribution of land and Jayaprakash Narayan, who was an ideologue, had perhaps aimed at a stateless society. However, this was no t a component of Gandhis political ideologue (Power, March, 1963). Gandhi never struggled against condition, and his disagreement was directed against the legal structure of power and the influence of the bureaucracy on it.This was due to the fact that he considered these factors to be hindrances in allowing self fruition among the people, prevented them from obtaining justice and precluded rule based on the universal dharma. The acceptance of these views regarding Gandhis beliefs, implies that Gandhis display of a lack of interest for public office, both during the freedom struggle and during the transfer of power only shows that he did not believe in special forms of power and not that he disliked political power (Power, March, 1963).Gandhi was attached to political power and this is vindicated by his surmisal of satyagraha, which he construed to be soul force or direct action of a nonviolent nature, because this stratagem was a system of power, which was used by him in the exp ectation that he would be able to engender reform in institutions and effect the fulfillment of men. This method assumes that an opponent is redeemable and that it can be used for realizing a range of objectives as long as there is no violation of the principle of ahimsa.However, despite its projection in his political beliefs, this theory was not a dominant principle of his ideology (Power, March, 1963). Amongst all the political thinkers of India, Gandhi was the most modern. He combine the best practices of the Orient and the Occident and formulated a political philosophy that obtained results bordering on the miraculous. The present day politics, which is steeped in corruption, could benefit enormously by implementing his political teachings. Gandhi has never ceased to be an integral part of the politics of India.Gandhi subscribed to a political philosophy that was founded on a number of tenets that had emerged from what was fundamentally his humanistic prognosis towards life . He did not encounter any differences between spiritual and worldly matters. However, he subscribed to a few fundamental beliefs, which he adhered to with great firmness. In an article in his journal Harijan he stated that there existed certain eternal principles which could not be compromised on any account and that a person should uphold such principles even at the cost of ones life.Gandhi was as good as his word and there were some principles that he never deviated from throughout his life. Moreover, he extended these principles in order to rekindle the flame of the nationalist spirit among his fellow Indians. Non cooperation and nonviolence have not upset their relevance even in modern times. Violent incidents, lack of interest in addressing major issues and in conducting a rational and meaningful dialogue by political parties are the characteristics of present day Indian politics.The only way to rectify this dismal situation is to adopt the principles that had been formulate d by Gandhi. Gandhi gave great prominence to power, which he considered to be a means by which people could improve the quality of their life. His political actions were aimed at attaining power, which according to him was not to be concentrated in the hands of a few members of the elite, but was to be distributed among the public. Further, people had become firmly convinced that revolt was a legitimate manner of expressing ones dissatisfaction.In the final analysis Gandhi was mainly seized with elevating the consciousness of the masses and bestowing upon them the required authority to determine their destiny. This was a unique contribution to Indian politics.References Dandi Salt March. (n. d. ). Retrieved July 4, 2007, from Manas History and Politics http//www. sscnet. ucla. edu/southasia/History/Gandhi/Dandi. html Gandhi, Mahatma (1869 1948) . (2005). Retrieved July 4, 2007, from The Hutchinson Unabridged encyclopaedia including Atlas http//www.credoreference. com/entry/6428505 Gandhi, Mohandas Karamchand (1869 1948) .(2001).Retrieved July 4, 2007, from World of Sociology, Gale http//www. credoreference. com/entry/4785371 Graham, S. (1998). The Salt March to Dandi. Retrieved July 4, 2007, from emory http//www. english. emory. edu/Bahri/Dandi. html Power, P. F. (March, 1963). Toward a Re-Evaluation of Gandhis Political estimate . The Western Political Quarterly , Vol. 16, No. 1, Pp. 99 108.

Mark McMinn, the author of the book Psychology Essay Example for Free

Mark McMinn, the seed of the book Psychology EssayTheology and Spirituality, did an excellent job discussing the aspects of psychology, theology and apparitionality, and how they can be unified by a Counselor. Each chapter opened with a real life example of what it would be uniform to not properly integrate psychology, theology and church property. Christian counselors are charged to incorporate spirituality in their personal lives and properly display these same practices with their clients. Christian counselors are individuals who taste and successfully become expert in counseling theories and techniques as well as theology practices such as using petitioner and scripture. This type of training can rarely be accomplished in the classroom. But it calls us to lives of spiritual discipline and a personal love for scripture (McMinn, 2011, p. 139). According to McMinn, the goals of Christian counseling are multi- panoramated (McMinn, 2011). intimately counseling maps are f ocused on mental health. McMinn (2011) presented a ameliorate map.This map displayed the link surrounded by self-sufficiency, brokenness and the heal birth and how they relate to the effect buttockss prayer, scripture, sin, confessions, forgiveness and redemption. Effective counselors are passionate and irrepressible in the walk with divinity fudge. McMinn in like manner cautions counselors on the limitations and challenges they will face in counseling. Each section discussed one core foundation. McMinn not only discussed these topics in depth, he also related them to the healing map by respond these three questions Will this abet establish a healthy sense of self? Will this help establish a healthy sense of need? And will this help establish a healing relationship? (McMinn, 2011). McMinn discussed the true purpose that self-sufficiency served and pointed out that this purpose was greatly corrupted, leading to the brokenness that requires a healing relationship.Self-suffic iency is our freedom to love and be kind. When we take this freedom too far, we end up having to face consequences that can flip lasting effects, with the absence of a healing relationship. Brokenness not only causes us to seek counseling, but it draws us nearer to God and this in turn allows a true healing relationship to begin (McMinn, 2011). The foundations that McMinn discussed prayer, scripture, confession of sin, forgiveness and redemptions, are all needed to properly devise therapy that will have actual results. When a counselor uses prayer in their session, itenhances the clients spiritual growth which also strengthens their faith (McMinn, 2011). When we pray we humble ourselves and ask to become a partner in knowing and doing Gods will (McMinn, 2011, p.85). When scripture is applied in counseling, it not only teaches the client how to perceive it, but how to incorporate it in their lives, further strengthening their relationship with God. Scripture also helps the client recognize and understand sin.The realization of sin, helps the client understand why they are suffering and that there is real hope to traverse the suffering when they overcome sin. After acknowledging their sin, the client can now accept forgiveness and mercy. When the client is adapted in acknowledging their sin and accepting mercy, they are not capable of establishing a sense of self (McMinn, 2011). The trump out part of the process is redemption. Redemption allows the counselor to honestly look at each core foundation with the client. Redemption provides that mirror of change and the growth to overcome obstacles in the future. Concrete ResponseReferenceMcMinn, M. R. (2011). Psychology, theology, and spirituality in Christian counseling (Rev. ed.). Carol Stream, IL Tyndale House

Death Penalty Essay Example for Free

Death penalty EssayShould be subverted from our Judicial System Fagan, Jeffrey A. jacket Punishment Deterrent Effects Capital Costs. www. law. columbia. edu/law-school/communications/reports. Summer 2006. Web. 06 April 2011. The denomination shows that the expresss are broken, and the money that we are spending on trials to punish criminals to remainder penalty should be utilise in prevention. If you compare the costs of the process and the effects, USA should abolish the death penalty from our Judicial System. It is an clear article, with detailed information and written y someone who has done m some(prenominal) research ab come to the fore chief city punishment. It get out be very helpful to back up my thesis. Stamper, Norm.A Former Cop Speaks out Against the Death Penalty. www. deathpenalty. org/article. php. 17 Nov 2007. Web 04/02/2011. The article describes an experience of a former cop, who worked for 29 years at San Diego Police Department. In his opinion deat h penalty is a waste of money, and fails terribly to reduce crime. He feels like we are better off spending the money and resources on programs such as psychological health care, drugs and alcohol treatment, after school programs and education.The article is very interesting and comes from a reliable source. He makes very good points on why we should abolish the death penalty. Death Penalty Information join Facts about the Death Penalty. www. deathpenaltyinfo. org. 1 April 2011. Web 04/04/2011 This is a complete and updated article about death penalty. It shows alone the details and statistics about the number of defendants who were executed and their race, number of victims in death penalty cases and their races, and number of death row exonerations by state. Definitely, I leave use this article on my essay because the information will ake my argument stronger, and it comes from a reliable source.Bedau, Hugo, and Paul Cassel. Debate the Death Penalty Should America Have Capital Punishment? The experts on Both Sides Make Their Best Case. New York Oxford University Press 2004. In this book, the author and opposite experts debate several questions about death penalty. It provides insights on advantages and disadvantages of death penalty, and opinions come from people with different slipway of thinking. This book will be helpful because it has credible information, and the author is an expert on the subject of death penalty.Some chapter will serve as a counter argument to my thesis. Amnesty USA. Death Penalty and Innocence. http//www. amnestyusa. org/deathpenalty-facts/death-penalty-and-innocence. Web. 04 April 2011. The article shows how the governor, George Ryan, of Illinois feels about the death penalty. He can not support it because the system is full of errors and he is not sure that everyone sent to death row is guilt. He does not want to see the state taking an stark life. The article is full of good information, with facts, and many details about t he number of innocent people that has been released from death row.The article will be helpful because it is based on statistics, data, and full of facts. Folduary, Fred. Abolish the Death Penalty. Editorial. The Progress Report. 2000 www. progress. org. Web. 04 April 2011. The article shows that there are four justifications for capital punishment protection of society, sort out and rehabilitate the criminal, deterrence, restitution of the damage. Punishing the criminal to death penalty will not solve any of these problems. It is a well written article, based on researches and statistics. To make my essay stronger, with valid points, I will use some quotations from this article.