Line Between Tough Love and Child Abuse Essay

Poets and authors have tried to define love for centuries, whereas scientists have only recently started. M some(prenominal) of us know intuitively that love is a major purpose for living (Blueprint, 2013) that connection is inherent in every last(predicate) that we do, and without love, we piece of tail non survive as a species. further what is love, and how do we know when were in it? First , lets start off with what love isnt. If someone asks you to do or say something that isnt in your nature, that isnt original love. Smith, 2002) Although love does involve compromises between partners, someone who is in love with you will never ask you to change who you are in order to be loved. True Love is caring. The ancient Greeks had more different names for different forms of love passion, virtuous, affection for the family, commit, and general affection. But no be how love is defined, they all hold a common trait caring. (Blueprint, 2013) True Love is attractive. Attraction and che mistry form the bond that allows people to mate.Without this romantic desire for another individual, a relationship is nothing more than lust or infatuation. True Love is attached. Like the mother- boor bond, attachment comes after the initial attraction. Attachment is the commodious term love that appears anywhere from one to three years into a romantic relationship (sometimes sooner and very rarely after), and youll know youve found it when you can honestly say, (Smith, 2002) Ive seen the worst and the best you have to offer, and I still love you, while your partner feels the same way. True Love is committed.When it comes to true love, loading is more than just monogamy. Its the knowledge that your partner cares for you and has your back, no matter what the circumstances. state who are strongly committed to one another will, when faced with on the face of it negative information about their partner, see only the positive. For example, a friend comments that your partner doesnt say a lot. Ah yes, hes the strong, silent type, you reply. People with less commitment to their partner would instead say something like, Yeah, I can never have conversation with him.Its annoying. True Love is Intimate. Intimacy is a crucial component of all relationships, regardless of their nature. In order to know another, you need to share parts of yourself. This self-revealing behavior, when reciprocated, (Teicher, 2000) forms an delirious bond. Over time this bond strengthens and level(p) evolves, so that two people merge closer and closer together. Intimacy by itself if is a great friendship, but compiled with the other things in this list, it forms an equation for true love.Within the minimum standards set by CAPTA, each State is amenable for providing its own definitions of child aversion and take out. Most States recognize four major types of ill-treatment physical evil, neglect, sexual ill-use, and emotional abuse. Although any of the forms of child maltreatment may be found separately, (Blueprint, 2013) they often occur in combination. In many States, forsaking and parental substance abuse are to a fault defined as forms of child abuse or neglect. The examples provided below are for general informational purposes only.Not all States definitions will include all of the examples listed below, and individual States definitions may cover additional situations not mentioned here. Physical abuse is no accidental physical injury (ranging from peanut bruises to severe fractures or death) as a result of punching, beating, kicking, biting, shaking, throwing, stabbing, choking, hitting (with a hand, stick, strap, or other object), burning, or otherwise psychic traumaing a child, that is inflicted by a parent, health professional, or other psyche who has responsibility for the child. Perry, 2002) Such injury is considered abuse regardless of whether the angel dust intended to hurt the child. Physical discipline, such as spanking or paddling, is not considered abuse as long as it is reasonable and causes no bodily injury to the child.Neglect is the failure of a parent, guardian, or other caregiver to provide for a childs basic needs. (Perry, 2002) Neglect may be physical (failure to provide necessary food or shelter, or wishing of appropriate supervision), medical (e. g. failure to provide necessary medical or mental health treatment), educational (e. g. , failure to educate a child or attend to special education needs), or emotional (e. g. , inattention to a childs emotional needs, failure to provide psychological care, or permitting the child to use alcohol or other drugs). These situations do not always mean a child is neglected. Sometimes cultural values, the standards of care in the community, and pauperism may be contributing factors, indicating the family is in need of information or assistance. Teicher, 2000) When a family fails to use information and resources, and the childs health or safety is at risk, then c hild welfare intervention may be required. In addition, many States provide an exception to the definition of neglect for parents who choose not to seek medical care for their children due to religious beliefs that may prohibit medical intervention. Sexual abuse includes activities by a parent or caregiver such as fondling a childs genitals, penetration, incest, rape, sodomy, indecent exposure, and exploitation through prostitution or the production of pornographic materials.Sexual abuse is defined by CAPTA as the employment, use, persuasion, inducement, enticement, or coercion of any child to engage in, or assist any other person to engage in, any sexually explicit conduct or simulation of such conduct for the purpose of producing a visual depiction of such conduct or the rape, and in cases of caretaker or inter-familial relationships, statutory rape, molestation, prostitution, or other form of sexual exploitation of children, or incest with children. Emotional abuse (or psychologi cal abuse) is a pattern of behavior that impairs a childs emotional development or sense of self-worth. This may include constant criticism, threats, or rejection, as well as withholding love, support, or guidance. Emotional abuse is often difficult to prove and, therefore, (Teicher, 2000) child protective services may not be able to intervene without evidence of harm or mental injury to the child. Emotional abuse is almost always present when other forms are identified.Abandonment is now defined in many States as a form of neglect. (Perry, 2002) In general, a child is considered to be abandoned when the parents identity or whereabouts are unknown, the child has been odd alone in circumstances where the child suffers serious harm, or the parent has failed to maintain contact with the child or provide reasonable support for a specified period of time. Tough love simply means that if your child decides to do anything that can harm him/her or others that you have to love your child a dequate to take a stand against that behavior.If this means that you have to report your child to the authorities, whether the law or teachers, then you need to do it. It also means that if you set about that you need help with your child for whatever reason that you should ask for it. There is nothing shameful about having a child who is out of control. It happens to the best of parents. What would be shameful is not to do anything. The fastest and best way to implement tough love techniques with your child is to simply start do them fully responsible for their own actions. (Blueprint, 2013) hold outt pay or legal representation, dont bail them out with teachers, and dont interfere in the subjective consequences that may happen. Sometimes, you may even need to go further in the case of a child putting others in danger via drinking or drugging and driving. Take the car, take the money, take the phone, remove all privileges, and if that doesnt work, you may have to call the polic e on your child who is practicing illegal behaviors. Dont give multiple warnings and threats. (Teicher, 2000) Teenagers just stop believing you, if you dont back up your words with actions.Giving natural consequences a vigor in the right direction can go far in helping your child, while youre still there for emotional support as long as theyre doing the right thing, can help a child straighten their life out before they are on their own. minor abuse is more than bruises and broken bones. turn physical abuse might be the most visible, other types of abuse, such as emotional abuse and neglect, also leave deep, lasting scars. The earlier abused children get help, the greater chance they have to heal and break the cyclerather than perpetuate it.By acquisition about common signs of abuse and what you can do to intervene, you can make a huge difference in a childs life. While physical abuse is shocking due to the scars it leaves, not all child abuse is as obvious. Ignoring childrens n eeds, putting them in unsupervised, dangerous situations, or making a child feel worthless or stupid are also child abuse. Regardless of the type of child abuse, the result is serious emotional harm. An estimated 905,000 children were victims of child abuse or neglect in 2006 (U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2008).While physical injuries may or may not be immediately visible, abuse and neglect can have consequences for children, families, and society that last lifetimes, if not generations. The impact of child abuse and neglect is often discussed in harm of physical, psychological, behavioral, and societal consequences. In reality, however, it is impossible to separate them completely. Physical consequences, such as damage to a childs growing brain, can have psychological implications such as cognitive delays or emotional difficulties.Psychological problems often manifest as high-risk behaviors. Depression and anxiety, for example, may make a person more likely to sm oke, abuse alcohol or illicit drugs, or overeat. High-risk behaviors, in turn, can lead to long-term physical health problems such as sexually transmitted diseases, cancer, and obesity. This factsheet provides an overview of some of the most common physical, psychological, behavioral, and societal consequences of child abuse and neglect, while acknowledging that much crossover among categories exists.The immediate emotional cause of abuse and neglectisolation, fear, and an inability to trustcan translate into lifelong consequences including low self-esteem, depression, and relationship difficulties. (Teicher, 2000) Researchers have identified links between child abuse and neglect and the following In one long-term study, as many as 80 per centum of young adults who had been abused met the diagnostic criteria for at least one psychiatric disorder at age 21. These young adults exhibited many problems, including depression, anxiety, eating disorders, and suicide attempts (Silverman, Reinherz, & Giaconia, 1996).Other psychological and emotional conditions associated with abuse and neglect include panic disorder, dissociative disorders, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and reactive attachment disorder (Teicher, 2000). The National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being recently found children fit(p) in out-of-home care due to abuse or neglect tended to score lower than the general population on measures of cognitive capacity, language development, and academic deed (2003). Children who are abused and neglected by caretakers often do not form secure attachments to them.These early attachment difficulties can lead to later difficulties in relationships with other adults as well as with peers (Morrison, Frank, Holland, & Kates, 1999). Not all victims of child abuse and neglect will experience behavioral consequences however, child abuse and neglect appear to make the following more likely Studies have found abused and neglected children to be at least 25 percent more likely to experience problems such as delinquency, teen pregnancy, low academic achievement, drug use, and mental health problems (Kelley et al. , 1997).A National Institute of referee study indicated being abused or neglected as a child increased the likelihood of arrest as a juvenile by 59 percent. Abuse and neglect increased the likelihood of adult criminal behavior by 28 percent and violent crime by 30 percent (Widom & Maxfield, 2001). Research consistently reflects an increased likelihood that abused and neglected children will smoke cigarettes, abuse alcohol, or take illicit drugs. harmonise to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, as many as two-thirds of people in drug treatment programs reported being abused as children (2000).

Hawaii’s Annexation to the US

History is rife with instances of nations wielding power over independent states as a means to gain socio-political or economic ends. In the case of the US, numerous factors buoyed its resolve to acquire territories during the 1890s. world-class of these is that resource-rich countries showed promise of fueling an industrial America. On the other hand, there was the influence of naval strategists. They succeeded in elaborate the over all in all view to American political leaders that there are vast benefits in acquiring territories and ports of strategic naval importance.Under the guise of Manifest Destiny, which rationalized superior nations imperialist expansion in the mid- to after-hours 1800s, the US proceeded to aggressively expand and take control of nations, among them Hawaii. Hawaiis Annexation to the US The appropriation of Hawaii to the United States was preceded by a sequence of events that finally take to that crucial turning tear down in history. Still reeling fro m the ruins and desolation of the Civil War, America had speedyly marshalled efforts to promote its interests and embark on an evident colonization of countries that offered it distinct advantages.Before it plunged head-on into an aggressive territorial expansion, it kept a wary middle both on foreign territories that were ideal for its commercial interests, as well as on dominant European powers that were also expanding beyond their borders and establishing colonies. Political and business leaders put forth the idea that the rapid industrial development of the United States required the acquisition of foreign territories to gain easier access to vital lancinate materials (Tindall and Shi, 2006, p. 59). The desire for new markets to be exploited economically eventually turned to coveting nations and creating an American empire, at all expense. William H. Seward, the United States Secretary of State from 1861 to1869, believed that the United States first had to remove all foreign interests from the northern pacific coast and gain access to that regions valuable ports (Tindall & Shi, 2006, p. 862) if it intends to successfully conquer Asian markets.A strategic imperialistic ploy adopted to indirectly take control over the economic intent of a nation was to visualize into switch over accords with them. Many years after the signing of a knowledge treaty, came the sealing of the 1875 reciprocal trade agreement between Hawaii and the US, under which Hawaiian sugar would enter the United States duty-free and Hawaii promised that none of its territory would be l sticking(p) or granted to a third power (Tindall & Shi, 2006, p. 86 3).This precipitated the next events that would lead to Hawaiis annexation. Decades earlier, economic treaties had been offered to Hawaii by Great Britain and France, but the US had asserted itself to uphold its interests in Hawaii. The latter had actually signed trade and peace treaties with the United States, England and other forei gn nations, each recognizing Hawaiis independence (Sforza, 1996, para. 5) and this is why on hindsight, it sees the broken agreement with the US as some sort of betrayal.In retrospect, back in 1820, American missionaries from Boston in 1820 stayed in Hawaii and soon turned out to be powerful sugar planters and politicians who served as advisers to the regnant monarchy (Sforza, 1996, para. 5). Queen Liliuokalani sought to shift power back to the monarchy, but the rapid succession of events eventually led to political turmoil engineered mainly by the American planters hoping to take advantage of the subsidy for sugar crowing in the United States (Tindall Shi, 2006, p. 64). The imprisoned Queen Liliuokalani had issued a statement that pointed to the role of American diplomat, John L. Stevens in the conspiracy to overthrow the Kingdom of Hawaii. Amidst the commotion, a committee representative of the group that seized power from Hawaiis reigning Queen Liliuokalani had shown up in the US seat of judicature in Washington with a treaty calling for Hawaiis annexation to the US. President Grover Cleveland opposed the treaty and had attempted to restitute the queen to power while seeking to provide amnesty to the coup instigators (Tindall Shi, 2006, p. 864). In December 1893, he expressed, By an act of war, committed with the participation of a diplomatic representative of the United States and without authority of Congress, the government of a feeble but friendly and confiding people has been overthrown (Sforza, 1996, para. 13).Party politics and other issues, however, eased Cleveland out of office. As fate and US maneuvering would have it, Hawaii was eventually annexed to the US in 1898 at the urging of President William McKinley (Annexation of Hawaii, n. d. , para. 3). The island state became a territory in 1900. Statehood was deferred until a bipartisan via media linked Hawaiis status to Alaska, and both became states in 1959 (Annexation of Hawaii, n. d. , pa ra. 3).ReferencesSforza, Terry (1996). Hawaiis annexation a story of betrayal. Retrieved September 20, 2008, from http//www.hawaii-nation.org/betrayal.html Tindall, G., & Shi, D. (2006). America a narrative history (7th ed.). New York W.W. Norton & Co.

Questions and Issues of Affirmative Action

Question at Issue favourable do was implemented with the idea and hope that America would finally become truly equalise. The tension of the 1960s polite rights movement had made it very clear, that the nations nonage and female population were non receiving equal social and frugal probability. The implementation of approbatory achieve was Americas first honest attempt at solving a worry, it had previously chose to ignore.However, there argon m either flock that dont see approbative deed as a confident(p) solution to this major societal job of racial inequality. These people feel that affirmatory action uses retrogression discrepancy to acquit the problem of disagreement in the study. The Enthymeme Affirmative action uses renounce variety to exploit the problem of discrimination because Affirmative action makes employers take to prefer from the vanquish visible(prenominal) employee from the minorities, instead of having the contingency to choose simply the best employee.A= Affirmative action v1= uses B= reverse discrimination to solve the problem of discrimination Because A= Affirmative action v2= makes C= employers commence to choose from the best available employee from the minorities, instead of having the happening to choose the best available employee. Assumption Anything that makes employers take up to choose from the best available employee from the minorities, instead of having to simply choosing the best available employee uses reverse discrimination to solve the problem of discrimination.Assumption and earreach The assumption for this paper provide appeal to employees who do not qualify for Affirmative action, as easily as employers and minorities. Employees not qualifying for Affirmative action feel shortchanged receivable to the event employers, for a slighter skilled employee, bypassed them. They feel tricked by the government or the minority therefore firing up racism among the bypassed group, while Affirma tive action was introduced to decrease racism.Employers also feel as if they have ended up with a lesser skilled employee therefore increasing the amount of lesser quality work. Employees provided with equal opportunity jobs bear the mark of not being the best pick, just only the best pick from a limited group. Organization Question at Issue Does Affirmative action use reverse discrimination to solve discrimination? Definition of A Affirmative action is an active effort to improve the manipulation or pedagogicsal opportunities for members minority groups and women.A -* C Relationship Affirmative action causes federal contractors/employers to choose from the best available employee from the minorities instead of choosing the best available employee from the whole Definition of B Reverse discrimination to solve the problem of discrimination is employ discreet treatment against a discolor male or female instead of a obscure male or female to solve a problem of racial inequality . A -* B Relationship Affirmative action uses reverse discrimination to solve the problem of discrimination.Definition of C Employers ability to choose the best available employee from the whole instead of a discern minority is the step to the forecome of affirmative action. It insures that minorities are recruited to have real opportunities to be hired in the workplace. C -* B Relationship By employers having to choose from the best of a minority group for use preferably than just simply the best employee, reverse discrimination is used to solve the problem of discrimination. This is due to the fact that unequal opportunity is given to the minority.This argument would be represented in an editorial form due to its appeal to the common every(prenominal)day man trying to make an honest living. Affirmative Action anger Affirmative action is the U. S. program set forth in the early 1970s to correct the effects of recent discrimination by giving prejudiced treatment to women and ethnic minorities in the workplace. At the time of affirmative actions induction to society, proponents of affirmative action programs felt that the only way to increase the number of minorities in the workplace was to establish a clay of quotas to be maintained by virtue.However, by forming and maintaining these jurisprudences over the past xxv years, a development of an entirely new set of problems arose problems that would fuel controversy over affirmative action. A majority of people are dissatisfied with current affirmative action policies, but are unconnected to eliminating them completely Americans hold tenaciously to notions of family and liberty, but they also believe in a sort of just about equality of opportunity that gives the underdog a real chance in life (Kahlenberg 209).Once necessary, affirmative action programs have out full of lifed their usefulness, and promote discrimination by continuing to allow for unfair hiring forms. Affirmative action uses reverse discrimination to solve the problem of discrimination because it makes employers have to choose from the best available employee from the minorities, instead of having the possibility of simply choosing the best available employee. The primary refinement of affirmative action programs was to increase the number of minorities, including women, in the workplace.The American connectedness for Affirmative Action states that they are dedicated to the advancement of affirmative action, equal opportunity and the elimination of discrimination on the basis of draw, gender, ethnic background or any other beat that deprives people of opportunities to live and work, (AAAA Sept. 1998). Most people would agree that goal has been realized. There was a expressed ingest for action to enlighten individuals and corporations to the negative results of their prejudices. It is unlikely that corporations would have taken the initiative to hire from the minority groups had it not been for government intervention.Affirmative action has created numerous opportunities for women and minorities in this country. It would be difficult to argue that these programs were not short essential in making draw close toward the semi-equality that we have today. However, affirmative action has incessantly been a compromise, and with the progress made, a price has also been paid. Affirmative action must now be rethought and restructured. Laws created preference programs that were found in the conscience of the American people and in their commitment to equal treatment,(Roberts & Statton 67).The racial quotas that we experience today are blatant perversions that are illegitimate under the statutory language of the Civil Rights Act (Roberts & Stratton 67). If the goal is true equal opportunity employment, removal of all advantages and allowing people to be hired for their skills and abilities only should occur. go along to allow for unfair hiring practices, affirmative action programs pro mote discrimination. Using reverse discrimination, defined as the discerning treatment against white males instead of black males or women of any race, to solve the problem of discrimination will always receive criticism for its hypocrisy.For example, in 1965, the Newport News Shipbuilding Co. buckled under the heavy hand of the EEOC, who had solicited complaints by knocking on the doors in black neighborhoods. The company reluctantly concur to promote 2,890 of its five super C black workers, designating 100 blacks as supervisors, and agreed to a quota system. One shipyard worker stated that the EEOC had done its best to set black against white, labor against management, and discombobulate everybody. (Roberts & Stratton 93).Another example of this reverse discrimination was in the education system the public case of Cheryl J. Hopwood, Douglas W. Carvell, Kenneth R. Elliott, and David A. Rogers. They filed discrimination charges again the State of Texas stating they were discrimi nated against and denied entrance money to the University of Texas School of Law. The college granted admission to less qualified African American and Mexican American applicants through the use of a quota system. This practice of preferential admissions for minorities furthers the practice of reverse discrimination, now not just in the workplace, but also in the naturalise systems. This creates animosities between workers that lead to further segregation, defeating the intentions of the programs entirely.Through the demise of race-dividing policies, underrepresented individuals shielded by affirmative action would be forced to compete, on a level playing field, for jobs and admission to colleges and universities. Competition has nothing but positive effects and is crucial in accelerating capitalism. The debilitating effects of affirmative action and quotas hinder an individuals require to compete in society. Destroying discrimination caused by past offenses may never have perfec t solutions, therefore, creating sound arguments for maintaining the existence of equal opportunity programs.But, to continue to offer one group opportunity, due only to their minority status, at the cost of another is wrong. Non-minorities continue to feel that their rights have been violated and that they are being penalize for crimes that they had no fragmentise in committing. And when non-minorities are subject to the same discrimination, they have little recourse under the 1991 Civil Rights Act, white males can have no grounds for discrimination lawsuits until they are statistically underrepresented in management and tonal pattern positions.The 1991 Act, in effect, repealed the 1964 act by heavyizing racial preferences as the core of civil rights law (Roberts & Stratton). Regardless of proficient intentions, changing the past effects of discrimination is a goal that is far from reach, however, not unattainable. Women and minorities should be entitled to enjoy the same s uccesses as the rest of the country, without the fear of being seen as the donee of entitlements. Business induceers should be free to make born(predicate) hiring decisions based on a persons skills and talents, without the fear of penalisation from the government. As Marsha M. tates, Affirmative action is used not to level the playing field, but used to bullyrag employers into jobs, raises and promotions for Black Americans and women. The growing tensions that result from these programs continues to divide races, not bring them closer together. Ultimately, either quotas will go or democracy will, because legal privileges based on status are incompatible with democracys requirement of equal standing before the law (Roberts & Stratton 177). Allowing different sets of rules and lower standards to separate people based on race or sex, defeats any efforts made toward finally ending discrimination.Today every American has access to employment and educational opportunities. Americans live in a man of free enterprise where they can create their own successes. Americans have the means to achieve and succeed, they just have to have the drive and incentive to go out into the world and do it. As in every aspect of life some things may not come easily. Yet these experiences make one stronger and sometimes even more determined to achieve their goals. Individuals of any race should not use or convolute the color of their skin or sexual orientation for advancing themselves over others.These problems are what fuel the controversy over affirmative action. Most people are dissatisfied with current affirmative action policies, but are opposed to eliminating them completely Americans hold doggedly to notions of family and liberty, but they also believe in a sort of rough equality of opportunity that gives the underdog a real chance in life (Kahlenberg 209). Once a necessary evil, affirmative action programs have outlived their usefulness, and promote discrimination by cont inuing to allow for unfair hiring practices.The primary goal of affirmative action programs was to increase the number of minorities in the workplace. Most people would agree that that goal has been realized. There was a definite need for action to enlighten individuals and corporations to the negative results of their prejudices. It is unlikely that corporations would have taken the initiative to hire from the minority groups, had it not been for government intervention. Affirmative action has created numerous opportunities for women and minorities in this country.It would be difficult to argue that these programs were not absolutely essential in making progress toward equality that we have made today. The American Association for Affirmative Action states that they are dedicated to the advancement of affirmative action, equal opportunity and the elimination of discrimination on the basis of race, gender, ethnic background or any other criterion that deprives people of opportunitie s to live and work (AAAA Sept. 1998). However, affirmative action has always been a compromise, and with the progress made, a price has also been paid.Affirmative action must now be rethought and restructured. Laws created the preference programs were based in the conscience of the American people and in their commitment to equal treatment. The racial quotas that we experience today are blatant perversions that are illegal under the statutory language of the Civil Rights Act (Roberts & Stratton 67). If the goal is true equal opportunity employment, removal of all advantages and allowing people to be hired for their skills and abilities only should occur. By continuing to allow for unfair hiring practices, affirmative action programs promote discrimination.Using reverse discrimination to solve the problem of discrimination will always receive criticism for its hypocrisy. By requiring corporations to fulfill quotas, the affirmative action laws promote the hiring of less qualified wor kers. For example, in 1965, the Newport News Shipbuilding Co. buckled under the heavy hand of the EEOC, who had solicited complaints by knocking on the doors in black neighborhoods. The company reluctantly agreed to promote 2,890 of its five thousand black workers, designating 100 blacks as supervisors, and agreed to a quota system.One shipyard worker stated that the EEOC had done its best to set black against white, labor against management, and disconcert everybody. (Roberts & Stratton 93). This creates animosities between workers that lead to further segregation, defeating the intentions of the programs entirely. Another example of this reverse discrimination was in the education system the public case of Cheryl J. Hopwood, Douglas W. Carvell, Kenneth R. Elliott, and David A. Rogers. They filed discrimination charges again the State of Texas stating they were discriminated against and denied admission to the University of Texas School of Law.The college granted admission to less qualified African American and Mexican American applicants through the use of a quota system. This practice of preferential admissions for minorities furthers the practice of reverse discrimination, now not just in the workplace, but also in the school systems. Affirmative action has never been a perfect solution and people will always have valid arguments for maintaining its existence. But, to continue to offer one group opportunity, due only to their minority status, at the expense of another is wrong.Non-minorities continue to feel that their rights have been violated and that they are being punished for crimes that they had no part in committing. And when non-minorities are subject to the same discrimination, they have little recourse Under the 1991 Civil Rights Act, white males can have no grounds for discrimination lawsuits until they are statistically underrepresented in management and line positions. The 1991 Act, in effect, repealed the 1964 act by legalizing racial prefer ences as the core of civil rights law (Roberts & Stratton).Regardless of good intentions, changing the past effects of discrimination is an unattainable goal. Women and minorities should be entitled to enjoy the same successes as the rest of the country, without the fear of being seen as the beneficiary of entitlements. Business owners should be free to make intelligent hiring decisions based on a persons skills and talents, without the fear of penalty from the government. As Marsha M. states, Affirmative action is used not to level the playing field, but used to strong-arm employers into jobs, raises and promotions for Black Americans and women.The growing tensions that result from these programs continues to divide races, not bring them closer together. Allowing different sets of rules and lower Standards to separate people based on race or sex, defeats any efforts made toward finally ending discrimination. Ultimately, either quotas will go or democracy will, because legal privile ges based on status are incompatible with democracys requirement of equal standing before the law (Roberts & Stratton 177). Today every American has access to employment and educational opportunities. Americans live in a world of free enterprise where they can create their own successes.Americans have the means to achieve and succeed, they just have to have the drive and incentive to go out into the world and do it. As in every aspect of life some things may not come easily. Yet these experiences make one stronger and sometimes even more determined to achieve their goals. Individuals of any race should not use or misuse the color of their skin or sexual orientation for advancing themselves over others. Instead by using their talents, knowledge and sense of fairness to achieve their goals, affirmative action will become outdated.

Sources of Capital: Owner’s Equity

Owners right as a Source of Capital Sources of ceiling come in two fakes debt and rectitude. Obtaining persistent majuscule through law is the capital supplied by the entitys owners. It is the owners share in the financial support of all the assets. Richard Scott, United States accounting professor wrote, one of the most deep-seated, and incontrovertible concepts embraced by accounting system today is that of owners equity. Through analysis of the case, we found this to be true. There are unlike finance costs both a familiarity and its investors face when considering equity financing.It is strangely fascinating that very much times, equity financing becomes much costly than debt financing. The analysis of opportunity for both sides of the transaction, financier and debtor, requires multiple formulas and calculations. Options for financing vary in pre-tax dinero and return on enthronization. For this reason, the options should be thoroughly analyzed to find the trou nce yield for both parties, company and investor. Innovative Engineering Company was founded as a partnership, and within five years became a thriving business bringing with it both success and the need for new permanent capital.The two partners, Gale and Yeaton, estimated the capital need at $1. 2 million. Initially, the partners found interested investors, but none automatic to risk their personal assets by participating in a partnership. Though incorporation is to a greater extent costly and subject to numerous regulations, it provides limited liability to its investors and the ability to raise capital through bonds and stock. The partners planned to form a corporation to secure investors. Under incorporation, owners equity becomes stockholders equity.The two types of equity are purchased equity, consisting of preferred stock, greenness stock, and paid in capital, and that of pull in equity, also referred to as kept up(p) earnings. The later represents profits earned by the company and retained in the business. Owners equity is shown on the balance sheet and within the statement of owners equity in a companys financial statements, and is most commonly influenced by income and dividends. Four proposals were developed to attempt to understand the needs of investors in the Innovative Engineering case and the two original partners struggled to maintain ownership authorisation. proposal A includes a $1. million long-term loan, giving Arbor Capital Corporation 10% common stock. marriage offer B includes $200,000 debt, $900,000 preferred stock, and $100,000 common stock. Proposal C includes $600,000 debt, $600,000 equity with 40% common stock. Proposal D includes $300,000 debt, $900,000 equity with 50% common stock. Calculating the implications of each proposal is necessary to seek elevate investors and find the best option for both sides of the transaction. Gale and Yeaton assumed an interest cost of debt at 8% and a dividend rate for preferred stock at 10%. They also assumed pessimistic, best guess, and optimistic variables.The applicable tax rate is 34%. The return on common shareholders equity earned under each of the three income assumptions is as follows Proposal A Debt = $1,100,000 Taxes= 34% Payment on Debt = $1,100,000(. 08) = $88,000 parking lot Stock = $1,000,000 pessimistic NI Interest Expense+ Tax Savings/ plebeian Stock = $100,000 88,000+34,000 = 46,000/1,000,000 = 4. 6% Best Guess $300,000-88,000+102,000 = 314,000/1,000,000 = 31. 4% rosy $500,000 88,000+170,000 = 514,000/1,000,000 = 51. 4% Proposal B Debt = $200,000 Payment on Debt = $200,000(. 08) = $16,000 best-loved Stock = $900,000 Dividend Payment for favored Stock = $900,000(. 0) = $90,000 Common Stock = $100,000 Common Shareholders equity = 1,000,000 Taxes = 34% Pessimistic NI-Interest Expense-Preferred Div+ Tax Savings/Common Stock $100,000-16,000-90,000+34000 = 28,000/1,000,000 = 2. 8% Best Guess $300,000-16,000-90,000+ 102,000= 296,000/1,000,000 = 29. 6% Optimistic $500,000-16,000-90,000+170,000 = 564,000/1,000,000 = 56. 4% Proposal C Debt = $600,000 Payment on Debt = $48,000 Common Stock = $1,500,000 Taxes = 34% Pessimistic NI-Interest Expense+Tax Savings/Common Stock $100,000-48,000+34,000 = 86,000/1,500,000 = 5. 7% Best Guess $300,000-48,000+102,000 = 354,000/1,500,000 =23. 6% Optimistic 500,000-48,000+170,000 = 622,000/1,500,000 = 41. 47% Proposal D Debt = $300,000 Common Stock = $1,800,000 Taxes = 34% Pessimistic NI-Debt+Tax Savings/Common Stock $100,000-24,000+34,000 = 110,000/1,800,000 = 6. 1% Best Guess $300,000-24,000+102,000 = 378000/1,800,000= 21% Optimistic $500,000-24,000+170,000 = 646,000/1,800,000 = 35. 89% From this, we see proposal D is the optimal investment strategy for Arbor Capital Corporation. The three income assumptions provide higher returns at a more constant rate than the other proposals. For Innovative Engineering Company, proposals A and B are more ideal for meeting their control needs.For a further analysis of earnings, the pre-tax earnings and return on investment are calculated as follows Pre-Tax = 100,000 / (1-. 34) = 151,515. 15 Proposal A Debt = $1,100,000 Common Stock = $100,000 Interest = $88,000 Dividend = $21,200 Pre-Tax hire = $109,200 (sum common stock and debt) Return on coronation = 9% (pre-tax earnings / $1,200,000) Proposal B Debt = $200,000 Preferred Stock = $900,000 Common Stock = $100,000 Interest = $16,000 Preferred Dividend =$90,000 Common Dividend =$10,000 Pre-Tax Earnings = -$64,000 Return on investing = -5% Proposal C Debt = $600,000 Common Stock = $600,000Interest = $48,000 Common Dividend = $240,000 Pre-Tax Earnings = $288,000 Return on Investment = 24% Proposal D Debt =$300,000 Common Stock = $900,000 Interest = $24,000 Common Dividend = $450,000 Pre-Tax Earnings = $474,000 Return on Investment = 40% Again, proposal D shows the most promise for Arbor Capital Corporation, with larger pre-tax earnings and a greater return on investment. Innovative E ngineering Company is in a slap-up position and has options. They should not consider proposal B. Proposal A will give them greater control over the company but comes with large debt financing and is risky.They should consider other investors and should look at options much(prenominal) as warrants. They should further research their options for a large loan. We have found debt financing can be cheaper than equity financing and should be considered. We are certain Innovative Engineering Company could find more attractive financing than proposal D. They should have more options, because their need is success driven versus a start-up company. From away research we have found there is a natural definition of market efficiency relating capital stock and investment flow.Obviously, equity finance should not be used if it becomes more expensive than debt financing. The company can create value by managing these sources of capital, finding an optimal balance of both. Works Cited Anthony, R. N. , Hawkins, D. F. & Merchant, K. A. (2007). Accounting school text & Cases (12th ed. ). Boston McGraw-Hill Irwin. Frieden, Roy (2010). Asymmetric information and economics. Physica A. plenty 389 Issue 2. Scott, Richard (1979). Owners Equity, The Anachronistic Element. The Accounting Review. Volume 4.

Jason & Medea Essay

How do Jasons feelings at the end of the play differ from those revealed in different mergings? In their source encounter, Jason appears to be trying to make himself feel as if he is better than Medea, and as if he is the bigger person than she, mfou no doubt hate me but I could never contain ill- go away to you implies that he is a better person for helping her even though she hates him and that even after every thats happened and all she has said he still could never bear ill- volition.He continues to try and back up his actions, claiming it was for social status, that he didnt marry for love, but for the accompaniment hat he wants to know they will have a good life and not be poor also, as he marries the tabbys daughter, his sons with Medea will be half-brothers to any children Jason may have with Glauce, therefore improving their status on becoming a king of Corinth.Their second encounter is after Medea has decided her exact plan she knows how she will kill the princess and the king, and has then also planned to kill her sons. She asks for Jason to attend, and he does, at which point she acts like a stereotypical wife of the time, admitting that she was wrong for all the feelings she had, and that verything that had happened was her fault, that she overreacted because she knew Jason was only doing it for the good of their family.It would seem to be a fond conversation on Jasons part, he shows no kind of hostility towards Medea when she speaks to him, and openly accepts her apology, and states when he first speaks to her that he is ready to listen. However, later in this meeting he, again, demeens women, Only naturally a charr is angry when her husband marries a second wife. perhaps this is true in a sense, however I think anyone would be angry if their significant ther decided to marry someone else not reasonable a woman.After this it could be said that Medea plays up to this, as when he mentions his sons growing up and being strong, she weeps . This may be because she knows her sons will never go, or she believes crying will make Jason pity her. In this encounter he also mentions cozy jealousy, implying that Medea is simply angry because of the fact that Jason is now sleeping with someone else, sort of than her this is because he doesnt understand her anger, and therefore infers that it is because of this, quite an than the fact that he eft her to marry another.Later in this passage, he also refers to Medea as a foolish woman when she tries to send the Coronet and dress to Glauce, and this theme of sexism is carried egress a few lines later If my wife values me at all she will yield to me more than to costly presents, I am sure of that again, the attitude of the ancient Greek time was that women were to do what they were told, rather than what they wanted. They were to be obedient, and not break any rules.In the third and final encounter, at the end of the play, it appears Jason has reached is peripeteia, his downf all. Medea, at this point, has killed their two sons and it is clear he loses complete control of his emotions, and he begins wildly insulting Medea, calling ner an condemnation. It is also earlier in this pa rt that ne calls ner the woman I will kill. at the rootage of the play, he was supposedly in love with her, whilst at the end, he wants nothing more than her to be dead.It becomes perspicuous that Jason has realised what Medea is truly like, how manipulative and cunning she is and how she tricked him, in certain parts, at least, into believing she as Just an obedient wife to him. He claims he wants the gods to blast her life, and during the time in which most, if not all, pack believed that these gods were real and had impact on their lives, this would be one of the worst things to wish upon someone else.Again, Jason also mentions her sexual Jealousy, blaming this for the murder of their children out of mere sexual Jealousy, you murder them At the complete end of the pl ay, Jason is on the ground, whilst Medea is in a chariot (pulled by dragons) on the roof this could be a representation of the fact that, in the eginning, Jason was of a higher standing than Medea, however at the end she had gotten (in a sense) what she wanted, and that she was now on top her enemies not able to laugh at her.He asks Medea to let him bury the children, a invite which she declines, so he then asks if he could hold them one last time. She responds with now you have kisses for them, as previously Jason had appeared to be more than happy to let his sons be exiled even if he did state in previous encounters that he had married the princess not for Just his social standing, but also his sons.

Is Fashion Trivial?

Is Fashion Trivial? Malcolm Barnyards book Fashion as Communication (Bernard, 1996) addresses the cable that panache is tiny and is used to communicate and challenge issues. One of the topics which is discussed in this book is the topic of whether mould is trivial this was questioned by Elizabeth Wilson who said that the idea that fashion and clothing are trivial pursuits is Just one favourite prejudice (Wilson, 1992). In her book she quoted a letter that was in the Guardian newspaper, which stated, fashion s trivial and ridiculous and serious minds need not be detained by it (Wilson, 1992).In Sharon Stellar article she says, As fine-tune human beings, clothing is a requirement in order to be decent and presentable to the public. (Sharon Stellar, supercilious 2007) She argues that clothing does more to our body than Just covers us. It has to ability to accentuate your figure, minimize your flaws, give you the image of all professionalism or slovenliness, convey your individu ality, and make you purport your best. Sharon Stellar, August 2007) What Stellar is saying is that clothes or fashion isnt only there to Just conceal us but it is there to express ourselves, show outsiders our genius and to most importantly to feel good. However Anneal Frostier argues that without a doubt fashion is trivial, she states her own intellection that Fashion seems to me the most ludicrous and, frankly, disgraceful thing the whole out with the old thing and the languish appeals me. (Daily Mail 2008) In a sense she is right, why should we throw away clothes after t goes out of season?Surely we buy clothes because we love the way the look or feel on us. However I do not agree with her that fashion is ludicrous and disgraceful Everything that we wear, whether it is a E top from Primary or a El 50 dress from Marc Jacobs, was designed for a reason. Many women, especially those in professional positions, see themselves as having no interaction with the fashion industriousn ess as they do not follow the latest trends. Nonetheless every item of clothing that they extract up and buy links them to the fashion industry.Somebody has designed the fabric, color and style specifically for that person, and that isnt something that should be ignored. If these raft state that they dont follow fashion and think what they wear has nothing to do with the fashion industry, then they should be walking around naked. Personally I do not feel that fashion is trivial. Yes sometimes it john be annoying when we spend EYE on the latest cashmere cardiac, then two weeks later its already out of trend. But fashion like Elizabeth Wilson states is a way of communicating with the est. of the world it shows others our personality and individuality.

Risk Management Position in Healthcare Designated Record Set HIPAA Research Paper

Risk Management Position in Health heraldic bearing Designated Record Set HIPAA privateness Laws - Research Paper ExampleThe paper provides supporting work for the risk management plan as comfortably as the counterarguments to it. In the end, the conclusion establishes the need for a risk management plan. The rights of the people want health care have been the subject of much debate over the past decades. One of the rights of the patients is to inlet their health learning and to modify it if it is deemed to have any discrepancy. Several legislations have been passed to grant the patients their due rights and to nourish the abuse of medical breeding and health records of the patients. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996 was enacted by electric chair Clinton. The Act has two aspects it provides confidentiality to the records of the patients and prevents fraud and abuse and it makes sure that insurance and health care is portable. Health infor mation refers to the information, either stored in any form or oral it is given to a health care provider and is related to the past, present and future state of health of an individual. The Privacy rules and the Act regulate what information regarding the health of an individual give the gate be used and disclosed. This information is known as the protected health information (PHI), and organizations which are liable to conform to the Privacy rules are called covered entities. The Designated Record Set (DRS) refers to the pigeonholing of health records that have been maintained by the covered entities, including the medical and billing information of the patients, enrollment, claims adjudication, as well as the medical record management systems, used for health plans. Its utility is for decision making closely individuals. All hospitals, clinics and other healthcare providers are required to comply with the HIPAA. Failing to do so can have dire consequences for the individuals i nvolved.